PEC EPE Exam Engineering Geology MCQ Questions
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Which type of rock is formed due to the cooling and solidification of molten magma?
a) Sedimentary rock
b) Metamorphic rock
c) Igneous rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Igneous rock
The process of breaking down rocks and minerals into smaller particles due to physical and chemical actions is called:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Sedimentation
Answer: b) Weathering
Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation and cementation of loose sediments?
a) Igneous rock
b) Metamorphic rock
c) Sedimentary rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Sedimentary rock
The study of the Earth’s history and the processes that have shaped it over time is known as:
a) Geophysics
b) Seismology
c) Engineering Geology
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Engineering Geology
Which type of rock is formed by the alteration of existing rocks under high temperature and pressure conditions?
a) Igneous rock
b) Sedimentary rock
c) Metamorphic rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Metamorphic rock
The process by which water freezes and expands within the cracks of rocks, causing them to break, is known as:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Frost action
d) Sedimentation
Answer: c) Frost action
The geological process that involves the movement of weathered rock materials from one place to another is called:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Sedimentation
Answer: a) Erosion
The geological time scale is divided into several units such as epochs, periods, and eras. What is the largest unit of geological time?
a) Epoch
b) Period
c) Era
d) Age
Answer: c) Era
Which type of rock is primarily composed of compacted and cemented plant and animal remains?
a) Igneous rock
b) Metamorphic rock
c) Sedimentary rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Sedimentary rock
The study of the Earth’s magnetic field and its variations over time is known as:
a) Geophysics
b) Seismology
c) Paleontology
d) Paleomagnetism
Answer: d) Paleomagnetism
Which type of geological hazard is characterized by the sudden shaking or trembling of the Earth’s surface?
a) Landslide
b) Volcanic eruption
c) Earthquake
d) Tsunami
Answer: c) Earthquake
The process by which sediments are laid down on the Earth’s surface by wind, water, or ice is called:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Sedimentation
Answer: c) Deposition
Which type of rock is formed by the alteration of existing rocks through the action of heat, pressure, or mineral-rich fluids?
a) Igneous rock
b) Sedimentary rock
c) Metamorphic rock
d) Crystalline rock
Answer: c) Metamorphic rock
The study of the distribution, arrangement, and internal structure of rocks in the Earth’s crust is known as:
a) Geophysics
b) Seismology
c) Structural Geology
d) Paleontology
Answer: c) Structural Geology
The process by which rocks and minerals are moved by flowing water, glaciers, or gravity is called:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Transportation
Answer: a) Erosion
The layer of loose and unconsolidated material covering the Earth’s surface, consisting of weathered rocks and minerals, is called:
a) Soil
b) Bedrock
c) Subsoil
d) Regolith
Answer: d) Regolith
Which type of rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of lava on the Earth’s surface?
a) Igneous rock
b) Sedimentary rock
c) Metamorphic rock
d) Volcanic rock
Answer: d) Volcanic rock
The geological process that involves the settling and accumulation of sediments in a specific area is called:
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Deposition
d) Sedimentation
Answer: c) Deposition
Which type of geological hazard is characterized by the rapid downslope movement of rock and soil?
a) Landslide
b) Volcanic eruption
c) Earthquake
d) Tsunami
Answer: a) Landslide
The process of compaction and cementation of sediments to form solid rock is known as:
a) Weathering
b) Erosion
c) Lithification
d) Sedimentation
Answer: c) Lithification