PEC EPE Exam Probability and Statistical Methods MCQ Questions
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The sample space refers to:
a) A set of experimental outcomes
b) The most probable outcome
c) The average outcome
d) The maximum outcome
Answer: a) A set of experimental outcomes
What is the probability of getting tails when flipping a fair coin?
a) 0.25
b) 0.5
c) 0.75
d) 1.0
Answer: b) 0.5
The average of a dataset is also known as:
a) Median
b) Mode
c) Mean
d) Variance
Answer: c) Mean
The range of a dataset is calculated as:
a) Maximum value – Minimum value
b) Mean + Median
c) Median – Mode
d) Variance / Standard Deviation
Answer: a) Maximum value – Minimum value
If two events are mutually exclusive, what is the probability of both occurring?
a) 0
b) 0.25
c) 0.5
d) 1.0
Answer: a) 0
In a normal distribution, what percentage of data lies within one standard deviation from the mean?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 68%
d) 95%
Answer: c) 68%
The Poisson distribution is used for:
a) Continuous data
b) Binary data
c) Counting events over time or space
d) Normally distributed data
Answer: c) Counting events over time or space
The coefficient of variation is a measure of:
a) Spread of data relative to the mean
b) Number of data points
c) Skewness of data
d) Range of data
Answer: a) Spread of data relative to the mean
Which measure of central tendency is sensitive to outliers?
a) Mean
b) Median
c) Mode
d) Standard Deviation
Answer: a) Mean
A construction project has a 15% chance of being delayed due to weather. What is the probability that none of the next 5 projects will be delayed?
a) 0.4437
b) 0.5788
c) 0.7594
d) 0.8681
Answer: a) 0.4437
The standard deviation is the square root of:
a) Mean
b) Variance
c) Median
d) Mode
Answer: b) Variance
Which distribution is used to model the number of successes in a fixed number of independent Bernoulli trials?
a) Normal distribution
b) Poisson distribution
c) Binomial distribution
d) Exponential distribution
Answer: c) Binomial distribution
If events A and B are independent, what is the probability of both A and B occurring?
a) P(A) + P(B)
b) P(A) – P(B)
c) P(A) * P(B)
d) P(A) / P(B)
Answer: c) P(A) * P(B)
The mean of a dataset is 25 and the standard deviation is 4. What is the coefficient of variation?
a) 0.16
b) 0.20
c) 0.64
d) 0.80
Answer: b) 0.20
In a continuous uniform distribution, the probability density function is:
a) U-shaped
b) A straight line
c) Exponential
d) Skewed
Answer: b) A straight line
A civil engineering company employs 80 engineers, 40% of whom are female. If 10 engineers are randomly selected, what is the probability that exactly 4 of them are female?
a) 0.1029
b) 0.2503
c) 0.3569
d) 0.4421
Answer: a) 0.1029
The heights (in cm) of a group of civil engineering students are normally distributed with a mean of 170 cm and a standard deviation of 6 cm. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is between 160 cm and 180 cm tall?
a) 0.1587
b) 0.3413
c) 0.4772
d) 0.6131
Answer: c) 0.4772
The mode of a dataset is:
a) The most frequent value
b) The middle value
c) The average value
d) The smallest value
Answer: a) The most frequent value
The exponential distribution is often used to model:
a) The time between rare events
b) The height of individuals
c) The number of successes in a fixed number of trials
d) Continuous data with no upper limit
Answer: a) The time between rare events
The sum of probabilities of all possible outcomes in a sample space is equal to:
a) 0
b) 0.5
c) 1
d) 2
Answer: c) 1